12.1. Introduction

As mentioned Chapter 11, achieve to drinking water has been on the global agenda for decades and water authorities are trying to satisfy the growing urban water and sanitation demands. However, urban water management for providing essential services are costly. Because in many places it is impossible to obtain the desired quantity and quality of safe drinking water supplies using the proprietary technology, in accordance with the water supply and pollution levels. The development of treatment project is a complex and resource-intensive process. Therefore, careful planning and analyzing have an important role to play in treatment and sanitation process. In addition, reliable cost calculations and estimation, which based on financial and economic analysis, are essential in the water sector.